How Much Makeup Product Is 0.11 Oz
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the earth's favorite film characters to life, The Magician of Oz (1939) had then much going on behind the emerald curtain and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th ceremony of the film, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek behind that curtain and learn more almost the secrets and fun facts that make the beloved picture a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Before the Movie
As a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of 50. Frank Baum's Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to be considered for a role in the 1939 motion-picture show adaptation. Hamilton called her amanuensis to inquire which character the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single female parent, fought MGM for an agreed upon amount of guaranteed work time. Three days before filming began, the studio agreed to a five-calendar week deal. In the end, Hamilton was on set for three months, but many of her scenes were cut for existence besides scary for audiences.
Certain, Dorothy Gale doesn't need prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't mean Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the time, the 16-year-old Garland had to clothing a corset-like device so she looked more similar a preadolescent child.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "baby-doll" makeup (every bit any preadolescent girl would…?). Luckily, that vision of the graphic symbol changed. After MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to exist herself. Smart move.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Corking Movie Magic
The Sorcerer of Oz employs a lot of great pic tricks, and some of the virtually unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies in a higher place the Emerald Metropolis, leaving the phrase "Surrender Dorothy" in her wake in blackness smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special furnishings team spread black ink across the lesser of a glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in contrary and filmed the scene from beneath. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Dice — W W W."
The "Snowfall" in the Poppy Field Was Really Dangerous
One of the Wicked Witch's final-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to meet the Wonderful Wizard of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the effect of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more breathy toxic connectedness than that.
All that magical snow? Information technology'due south really 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Fifty-fifty though the health risks associated with the material were known at the time, information technology was even so Hollywood's preferred choice for faux snow. Our communication to Dorothy? Don't grab whatever snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow's Makeup Stuck Around for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful for Buddy Ebsen (the original Can Man'south) willingness to trade parts with him for more than reasons than 1. The Tin Man's aluminum makeup caused a huge amount of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced past Jack Haley.
Although Bolger'due south makeup experience was ameliorate than Ebsen's, he however had some problems. The Scarecrow's makeup consisted of a safe prosthetic, consummate with a woven pattern that mimicked the look of burlap. Subsequently the picture show wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger'due south face that took more than a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set
In a burst of flames and cerise smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may take instilled more fear for Hamilton. On the first have, the smoke rose from a subconscious trapdoor as well early.
For the second take, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, but her cape snagged on the platform when the fire flared upwardly. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing 2d- and third-degree burns on her hands and face. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an even more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch's legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys equally they're called in the source material — have certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary as the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — cheers to the magic of pianoforte wires.
However, the aerial stunt went amiss when several of the piano wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few anxiety to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cut down on human marionettes), filmmakers made miniature condom monkeys to help populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Near on the Cutting Room Floor
To no one's surprise, the American Film Institute ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a listing of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise you? The (arguably) nigh iconic vocal of Judy Garland's career was nearly cut from the picture show.
Studio execs at MGM idea the vocal made the Kansas scenes too long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't empathize the vocal's meaning. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland's tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Tin can Homo Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a xc-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't have information technology like shooting fish in a barrel either. From the lingering concerns about the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" torso and artillery, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was then stiff that he had to lean against a board to rest properly. Many years later, player Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the same issue with his rigid costume. Information technology seems even fantasy and sci-fi can't assist folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Human being Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was bandage as the Scarecrow, but traded parts with Ray Bolger. Notwithstanding, Ebsen'due south new character, the Can Human being, acquired him a slew of issues. Namely, the character'southward argent makeup contained a harmful aluminum dust that coated Ebsen's lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the role with Jack Haley (and inverse up the makeup), but didn't explicate why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the concluding picture, his vocals can exist heard in "We're Off to See the Wizard."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Us the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is full of practical special furnishings that really concur up. The funnel itself was really a 35-foot long stocking fabricated of muslin. The special effects squad spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale firm, which falls from the heaven and into Oz, is just a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers and then reversed the footage to make it expect like the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up Then Either
Pay inequality has always been an issue in Hollywood. For instance, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular character in Walt Disney's Snowfall White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her performance, though the film went on to make roughly $eight million.
Co-ordinate to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was ameliorate than Caselotti's — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — but it still didn't reverberate the picture show's success. Fifty-fifty more discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per week every bit Toto. A real yikes.)
Bert Lahr's King of beasts Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought it might cast its mascot — the actual lion used in the studio'southward title bill of fare — as the cowardly grapheme. Fortunately, for the condom of the actors and the fauna, the filmmakers decided to cast role player Bert Lahr equally the anthropomorphic character instead.
To make a convincing animate being, the costume department fashioned Lahr a 90-pound outfit made from existent lion pare. Even so, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his graphic symbol'south nerves. Each nighttime, two stagehands dried the costume for the adjacent mean solar day.
The Initial Box Office Returns Were Uneven
The film started shooting in October of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $2,777,000 in costs. That's nearly $50 million adapted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the motion-picture show only earned $three million at the box office — nigh $51.8 1000000 by today'due south standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era picture, think that Disney made $8 million with Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz's modest success in the U.S. barely covered product and film rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — but success overseas fortunately bolstered the film's returns.
The Dark Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me Too"
Judy Garland was but xvi years old when she was cast equally Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were frequently given to young actors to help them sleep after studios shot them up with adrenaline and so they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't help, leading to lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a author for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and head Louis B. Mayer], who considered her little more their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, coffee and chicken soup.
The Phonation of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Magician of Oz debuted, Walt Disney's feature-length animated film Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937) became a smash-hit. Not only did the motion-picture show revolutionize the animation industry, it besides reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow upward Snow White — then the most successful flick of all time — with an adaptation of The Wizard of Oz, only MGM endemic the rights. Past happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Tin Man'due south "If I Just Had a Center," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art m Romeo?"
The Ruby Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy'southward iconic footwear was originally silverish, but screenwriter Noel Langley felt the red color would really pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in most 2,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. Since the display is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet at that place several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, just the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only I Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your archetype adventure story, and Dorothy's quest leads her from a Kansas subcontract to another world — complete with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. Even so, despite all these breathtaking locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
As was customary at the fourth dimension, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to transport audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the only location footage in the movie is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is one of the most beloved dogs in movie history. Terry was famously not a huge fan of special effects and tin often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — like when the Tin Human spouts out all of that steam.
Subsequently one of the Witch's guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to detect one that resembled the original canine thespian more than closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was then fond of Terry that she wanted to adopt the dog.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to existence a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton besides believed her character was more just your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than 35 years afterwards the film debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to testify kids it was make-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her most the character.
According to Hamilton, the so-chosen Wicked Witch relished everything she did, merely she was besides a sad, lonely figure. In short, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked also takes this approach to the Witch's character.
The "Horse of a Dissimilar Color" Was Made Possible Thanks to a Food Production
In 1939, audiences were just as amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin can Man and the Cowardly Lion when the horse in Emerald Urban center took on a rainbow of colors. This "equus caballus of a dissimilar color" was made possible thanks to a surprising nutrient detail…
Clot-O crystals were used to color the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move quickly — the animals were eager to lick up the sweet treat. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The horse-drawn carriage was one time owned by President Abraham Lincoln and at present resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Section Hired Extra Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald City to the Witch's flying monkeys, and then many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in order to give life to this fantasy film. To keep up with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since almost of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming associates line. Near actors had to make it before 5:00 in the morn — half dozen days a calendar week! — to begin the intensive process.
Memorable (& Often Misquoted) Lines Fill up the Flick
The film is clogged of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the cracking fortune of existence responsible for some of the about quoted lines in movie history every bit well. In 2007, Premiere compiled a listing of "The 100 Greatest Movie Lines" and placed a whopping 3 of the film's lines on the list.
"Pay no attention to that man backside the drape" was voted #24, while "In that location'due south no identify like habitation" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling we're non in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch'due south Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the moving-picture show is incredible. Like the "horse of a dissimilar color" sequence, another iconic, special furnishings-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Shortly afterward Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the ruby slippers from the young girl'south feet. However, burn strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "fire" is really apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-upwards clip to make it look more flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Department
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and role problem-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which often heated the set upwardly to a toasty 100 degrees.
Later the lights were gear up, the experts experimented with what would await best on film, specially in colorized course. For case, the white part of Dorothy's dress is really pink — simply considering it filmed better. And the oil the Tin Human is so excited about? It's really chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the East Makes More than Than One Appearance
Part of the Wicked Witch of the West's beef with Dorothy is that the young girl dropped a business firm on her sister, the Wicked Witch of the Eastward, who was the short-lived owner of the ruby slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she also plays the Wicked Witch of the East — if only briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an befuddled Dorothy looks out her bedroom window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch exterior the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the film makes that shimmer even more than noticeable.
The Film's Running Time Was Cut Downwardly Several Times
The kickoff cutting of the motion picture clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like zippo by today's Marvel moving picture standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off 20 minutes.
Afterward cut the famed "Jitterbug" number and an extended Scarecrow trip the light fantastic sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, afterwards, nixed Dorothy'south "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald Metropolis reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin can Human being becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
And then Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton'south Wicked Witch of the Westward performance too frightening for audiences and cut or trimmed many of her scenes. Just non everyone thought her operation was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch's nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the picture's starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the set described Garland excitedly showing off a clothes to Hamilton, declaring she was going to vesture it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM'south Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Color Sequences by Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes it seem as though the entire moving picture was shot in color. Was this done deliberately, or was it a pocket-sized syntactical simulated pas?
It's widely believed this was a bit of a stunt done to raise the surprise of the movie turning into total 3-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the picture's debut made no mention of sepia tint (or "black-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
Ane of History'southward Most-Watched Films
Although The Wizard of Oz proved popular in theaters, another film released the same yr, also directed by Victor Fleming, actually topped the box role. (Y'all may take heard of that picayune picture show — information technology'southward called Gone with the Wind.) Nonetheless, MGM's musical fantasy may have more staying power than other films of the era, thanks in part to re-releases.
The picture was commencement broadcast on television receiver on November 3, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 million viewers. It's believed that The Sorcerer of Oz is one of the 10 most-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual television screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tvmovies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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